一是土壤透气性差;二是土壤有机质含量不足，土壤压实;第三，土壤盐碱化和酸化越来越严重。

大家都应该知道，对于农作物来说:化肥具有巨大的营养功能。没有化肥，就不会有高产。有机肥对作物的营养作用确实远不如化肥。

　　 However, the effect of organic fertilizer on crops is manifested in two points, one is the nutritional function, and the other is the physiological regulation function.

　　 At the moment when large-scale chemical fertilizers are responsible for the main nutritional functions of crops, increasing the application of organic fertilizers is mainly to take advantage of its physiological regulation functions on crops.

　　 Physiological regulation functions are mainly undertaken by biological enzymes, intermediate metabolites, endogenous hormones, resistance substances, cell membrane structures, metabolic absorption promoters, etc. These components are only the most abundant in organic fertilizers.

　　Remember that rely on the application of large-scale chemical fertilizers to maintain yield, and rely on the application of organic fertilizers to nourish the land. Remind everyone to distinguish the different functions of large chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers, and do not ignore organic fertilizers.

正确使用有机肥

　　 The correct use of organic fertilizer can quickly increase soil organic matter, improve soil permeability, relieve soil fatigue, improve soil buffering capacity, and provide a good environment for vegetable growth. However, during the interviews in the countryside, the author found that the methods used by vegetable farmers to use organic fertilizers were improper and still needed improvement.

　　 Use organic fertilizer to decompose. Completely decomposed organic fertilizer does not produce harmful gases, does not burn roots, has no bacteria, and decomposes quickly, which is good for the absorption of vegetable roots.

　　 But many vegetable farmers do not have the habit of decomposing manure. They usually buy it now and use it now, because raw manure enters the soil to generate heat for secondary fermentation, which often causes some harm to vegetables such as burning roots.

　　 Therefore, the manure must be thoroughly decomposed before use. In order to promote the decomposing, a high-fertility decomposing agent can be added to the manure to accelerate the decomposing.

　　 For commercial organic fertilizer, vegetable farmers can apply it to the soil around the vegetable root system by applying it in a package or hole to increase the soil organic matter content locally and create a good growth environment for the vegetable root system.

提高土壤有机质含量不是一朝一夕就能做到的。它需要一个较长的过程，因为土壤中的有机质在土壤微生物的作用下很容易分解，这大大减少了土壤中的有机质，所以菜农应该年复一年地使用有机质。